{"id":7097,"date":"2007-06-11T14:52:39","date_gmt":"2007-06-11T14:52:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.earthwidemoth.com\/blog\/2007\/06\/11\/lauerberthoff-c\/"},"modified":"2007-06-11T14:52:39","modified_gmt":"2007-06-11T14:52:39","slug":"lauerberthoff-c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.earthwidemoth.com\/blog\/2007\/06\/11\/lauerberthoff-c\/","title":{"rendered":"Lauer-Berthoff, "Counterstatement" and "Response""},"content":{"rendered":"\u23f3 Approximate reading time: <\/span> 3<\/span> mins<\/span><\/span>

Lauer,
\nJanice. "Response to Ann E. Berthoff, ‘The Problem of Problem Solving.’" CCC<\/i> 23.2 (1972):
\n208-210.<\/p>\n

Berthoff, Ann E.
\n"Response to Janice Lauer, ‘Counterstatement.’" CCC<\/i> 23.5 (1972):
\n414-416.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\nLauer’s "Heuristics
\nand Composition"<\/a> |
\nBerthoff’s "The
\nProblem of Problem Solving"<\/a><\/p>\n

Lauer’s counterstatement to Berthoff ends with a call for tolerance<\/b>
\nand pluralism<\/b>. She contends that we must be patient with the "recent
\nand exploratory<\/b>" development of
\nheuristics from psychology<\/b>, rather than waiting for a grand, penultimate conclusion from what is a heterogeneous field (more varied, she argues,
\nthan Berthoff has given credit for, as it includes "behaviorists, gestaltists,
\nfactor-analysts, information theorists<\/b>, and so on).Lauer responds
\nsharply to Berthoff’s willingness to pile on her own dichotomies<\/b>, such as
\nwhere she sets psychology apart from creativity, where she opposes problem
\nsolving learning to knowing, and where she values articles in Teacher<\/i>
\nabove three dozen articles in psychology journals. Berthoff’s dismissal of
\npsychology and "the technicians", according to Lauer, depends on lumping them
\nall together and characterizing their collective work, varied though it is, as
\nreductive and short-sighted–of relatively little value to rhetoric and
\ncomposition: "Instead [Berthoff’s] quarrels rest on the false assumption that
\npsychology has one<\/i> contribution to make<\/b>, a contribution which she
\nidentifies with an overly narrow conception of problem solving" (209).<\/p>\n

Lauer discusses the way Berthoff reframes Lauer’s primary point about
\nheuristics, instead calling it "problem-solving." This shift is cause for
\nsome concern, although Lauer agrees with much of Berthoff’s commentary,
\nespecially on matters of "creative problem solving<\/b>", only objecting to
\nLauer’s criticism and polemical approach. Lauer even goes so far as to
\nwrite off Berthoff’s conflation of "science" and "technology" to be a non
\nsequitur. Lauer acknowledges the source of alarm pervasive among humanists
\nwho feel threatened by the sciences, but we should be more patient, Lauer
\nargues, before rejecting the possibility that psychology has anything to offer
\ncomposition (210).<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Berthoff answers yet again as she contends that the argument she has with
\nLauer’s approach (and initial recommendations for reading heuristics through
\npsychology) is non-trivial. One concern she has is that some psychologists
\ntend to "reduce and limit the operation of imagination" (414). That is, in the
\npursuit of data, the reduce mentation to only "quantifiable results<\/b>."
\nPsychology, in and of itself, Berthoff argues, does not care to get at the
\ncomplexities of meaning-making<\/b>, particularly where information-processing
\ntheories reign. She invokes Susanne K. Langer’s work as a few among many
\nresources, such as the "notebooks and journals of artists and thinkers" that
\nmight help us "learn anew the sources and modes of the creative imagination"
\n(415). Berthoff would have teachers assume their own expertise on
\ncreativity and imagination, rather than turning to technicians of mind whose
\napproaches to language and meaning are too limiting. She introduces two
\nstatements on method and creativity that capture what she fears would be
\ncompromised in the over-use of psychological models:<\/p>\n

\n\tHerman Melville: "There are some enterprises in which a careful
\n\tdisorderliness<\/b> is the true method."
\n\tAlfred North Whitehead: "There is a state of imaginative, muddled suspense
\n\twhich precedes any successful inductive generalization" (415). <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

"I believe that speculation taking these two wise sayings as a point of
\ndeparture could lead us to understand, for instance, why the Formal Outline<\/b>
\nis properly the last step and not the first in composing; why it is so useful to
\nkeep options open, to keep freedom of choice alive, especially at first, by
\nwriting phrases, images, sets of oppositions, by thoughtful doodling instead of
\ndepending on the concoction of topic sentences; why it is that ‘pre-writing’ is
\nso painful for those who have nor learned the uses of chaos<\/b>; how it is
\nthat naming and re-naming, developing analogies and metaphors can lead us to
\ndiscover ‘the shape of content’; it could help us to understand what Paul Klee
\nmeans when he notes: ‘I begin with chaos; it is the most natural start. In so
\ndoing, I feel at rest because I may, at first, be chaos myself’" (415).<\/p>\n

Finally, Berhoff asserts the fruitful pursuit of "speculation<\/b>" before
\narguing for a frame of reference for heuristics that "exercises the means by
\nwhich we come to discover and to understand<\/b>" (415)<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u23f3 Approximate reading time: <\/span> 3<\/span> mins<\/span><\/span>Lauer, Janice. "Response to Ann E. Berthoff, ‘The Problem of Problem Solving.’" CCC 23.2 (1972): 208-210. Berthoff, Ann E. "Response to Janice Lauer, ‘Counterstatement.’" CCC 23.5 (1972): 414-416.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[1753,943,213,321,231,178,1760,1275,1759,1232,453,1761,477,930,2024,1161,702,1762],"class_list":["post-7097","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-aleatory","tag-algorithm","tag-argument","tag-berthoff","tag-chaos","tag-composition","tag-dichotomy","tag-heuristics","tag-langer","tag-lauer","tag-meaning","tag-mentation","tag-philosophy","tag-pluralism","tag-problem-solving","tag-psychology","tag-speculation","tag-tolerance"],"yoast_head":"\nLauer-Berthoff, "Counterstatement" and "Response" - Earth Wide Moth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/www.earthwidemoth.com\/blog\/2007\/06\/11\/lauerberthoff-c\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lauer-Berthoff, "Counterstatement" and "Response" - Earth Wide Moth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u23f3 Approximate reading time: 3 minsLauer, Janice. 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In reply to Janice Lauer's \"Heuristics and Composition,\" a brief essay and 200-item bibliography of research in psychology, Berthoff presents a polemical critique of \"problem-solving\" and of the singling out of psychological or political matters as relates to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Reading Notes"","block_context":{"text":"Reading Notes","link":"https:\/\/www.earthwidemoth.com\/blog\/category\/reading_notes\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":7095,"url":"https:\/\/www.earthwidemoth.com\/blog\/2007\/06\/09\/lauer-heuristic\/","url_meta":{"origin":7097,"position":1},"title":"Lauer, "Heuristics and Composition"","author":"Derek Mueller","date":"June 9, 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"Lauer, Janice. \"Heuristics and Composition.\" CCC 21.5 (1970): 396-404. 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One of the earliest collaborative precursors to Flower and Hayes' cognitive process model, this essay presents heuristics and problem-solving as ways to address the morass of the same old same old:\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"arrangement\"","block_context":{"text":"arrangement","link":"https:\/\/www.earthwidemoth.com\/blog\/tag\/arrangement\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":7094,"url":"https:\/\/www.earthwidemoth.com\/blog\/2007\/05\/30\/maureen-dalygog\/","url_meta":{"origin":7097,"position":3},"title":"Daly-Goggin, Authoring A Discipline.","author":"Derek Mueller","date":"May 30, 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"Daly-Goggin, Maureen. Authoring A Discipline: Scholarly Journals and the Post-World War II Emergence of Rhetoric and Composition. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2000. Searchable text available in Google Book Search. 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