{"id":7068,"date":"2006-11-04T22:17:06","date_gmt":"2006-11-04T22:17:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.earthwidemoth.com\/blog\/2006\/11\/04\/fuller-media-ec\/"},"modified":"2006-11-04T22:17:06","modified_gmt":"2006-11-04T22:17:06","slug":"fuller-media-ec","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.earthwidemoth.com\/blog\/2006\/11\/04\/fuller-media-ec\/","title":{"rendered":"Fuller, Media Ecologies<\/i>"},"content":{"rendered":"\u23f3 Approximate reading time: <\/span> 5<\/span> mins<\/span><\/span>\n

Fuller,
\n Matthew. Media Ecologies<\/i>. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

That the twenty-three quotations listed below are just the tip of the iceberg
\nshould serve to remind me to return for a more careful reading of Fuller. Every
\ndamn sentence in this book is like a compressed coil; in combination, they make
\nfor an exciting if exasperating string of pithy insights into methods and
\nsites\/objects of media ecology.<\/p>\n

Two themes open the book (which is a "media ecology made of bits of paper"):
\n1.) media systems interact by interacting<\/i> and so the method is
\nradically situated;<\/b> such interactions must be lived out rather than observed
\nin a control sample<\/b>, and 2) media systems should be understood as
\nmaterialist<\/b> in their constitution (which does not lead inevitably to
\ninstrumentalism or positivism) (1).<\/p>\n

In the introduction, Fuller accounts for three connotations to "media
\necology<\/b>": 1.) concerns the "allocation of informational roles in
\norganizations and in computer-supported collaborative work" (3); 2.) a kind of
\nanswer to tech determinism that emphasizes systemic balance–media environment
\nequilibrium (Postman, McLuhan, Mumford, Innis, Ong, and Ellul); and 3.) concerns
\n"discursive storage, calculation, and transmission systems" (4) (Hayles,
\nKittler, and Tabbi). Chapter summaries appear on pages 5-12. <\/p>\n

Fuller’s method is best described as the "indexing of multiplicities<\/b>"
\n(52) among "conjunctive media<\/b>." Inventories<\/b> and lists<\/b>
\n(15, 44) play a significant part in this approach to understanding more fully
\nthe situated interrelations of media and standard objects. Fuller makes use of
\nD&G’s machinic phylum<\/b>–"materiality, natural or artificial, and both
\nsimultaneously; it is matter in movement, in flux, in variation, matter as a
\nconveyor of singularities and traits of expression" (17)–to comb through the
\namalgamation of media involved with pirate radio. In chapter two, he also
\ninvolves Gibson’s theory of affordances<\/b> (44-47), noting that it is
\nespecially adept for the study of media ecology because it hinges on "potential
\nor activated relations" (45). Finally, in studying these live systems,
\nFuller notes that layerings (up and down scales) are neither visible nor
\nreciprocal (176). <\/p>\n

Defined
\nHylomorphism<\/b> (18): a model of the genesis of form as external to matter,
\nas imposed from the outside like a command on material which is thought inert or
\ndead
\nFeedback<\/b> defined (25): the property of being able to adjust future
\nconduct by past performance<\/p>\n

^What would a machinic phylum of composition<\/b> look like? Rel. p. 23,
\nmachinic phylum of radio.
\nNote of critique for Nardi and O’Day’s Information Ecologies<\/i> because its
\nscope is "insufficient to challenge standardizations of either [technologies or
\npeople]" (179).<\/p>\n

Key terms: fabrication (2), ecology (2), media ecology (3), information
\necology (3), scale<\/b> and dimensionality (10, 132), reflexive (12), zone of
\nexperimental combination (13), lists<\/b> and "infinite patchwork" (14),
\nhegemonic manyness (15), the aesthetic of multiplicity (15), disequilibrium
\n(16), permutational fields (16), technical standards (16), machinic phylum<\/b>
\n(17), tacit knowledge (18), hylomorphism (18), hyle<\/i> (20), Markov chain
\n(29), dub (30), crooning (33), peritextual apparatus (35), hype, redundancy and
\ninformation (36), earlid (38), translation (42), visible speech (42),
\naffordances<\/b> (45), conjunctive media<\/b> (47), clots of association<\/b>
\n(51), indexing of multiplicities<\/b> (52), technical ensembles (61), standard
\nobject (93), relations of dimensionality (131), fleck of identity (148).<\/p>\n

"Parts<\/b> no longer exist simply as discrete<\/b> bits that stay
\nseparate; they set in play a process of mutual stimulation<\/b> that exceeds
\nwhat they are as a set" (1).<\/p>\n

"Crucial to such an approach is an understanding that an attention to
\nmateriality<\/b> is most fruitful<\/b> where it is often deemed irrelevant<\/b>,
\nin the ‘immaterial’ domain of electronic media<\/b>" (2).<\/p>\n

"How can words, concepts, quotations, footnotes, the mechanics of a book, and
\nthe writings and accounts that evade them themselves be nailed down or glued to
\na page in a way that makes them reverberate?" (11).<\/p>\n

"Children make their way around the world by responding with a ceaseless
\n‘why’ to every explanation or grunt offered them. This chapter [4] perhaps
\nbetrays the effect of the main methodological influences in my life at the
\nmoment, but I hope it benefits from the rather childish insistence<\/b> on
\nbeing able to take every path in a labyrinth simultaneously<\/b>" (11).<\/p>\n

"The accretion of minute elements<\/b> of signification into crowds<\/b>,
\narrays<\/b>, and clusters<\/b> allows a reverberation of these cultural
\nparticles between them and together, the connotations of one into flying off the
\nlick of another" (14).<\/p>\n

"Parataxis<\/b> (a sequence of this and that, ‘ands’) always involves a
\nvirtuality that is hypotactic<\/b> (concepts and things, nested, meshed, and
\nwrithing). It puts into play a virtual syntax<\/b>" (15). ^Networked image?<\/p>\n

"Multiplicity<\/b> is induced by two processes: the instantiation of
\nparticular compositional elements<\/b> and the establishment of transversal
\nrelations<\/b> between them. The media ecology is synthesized by the broke-up
\ncombination of parts<\/b>" (16).<\/p>\n

"Pirates operate without such prescriptive demands, working instead with
\ntheir inverse: at what level of cheapness will things still run?<\/b>" (16).\n<\/p>\n

"Phyla are replaced or added to by other systems of reference, such as
\nclades<\/b>, analytical tools<\/b> produced by emergent tools and discourses,
\nsuch as genetic databases, which provide access to dimensions and
\ninterpretations of evolution other than those simply available to the
\ninterpretive eye" (17). <\/p>\n

"Electricity<\/b> scratches the vitalist itch precisely because it involves
\nthe operation of matter on itself<\/b>" (19). <\/p>\n

"The machinic phylum<\/b> of the radio in this sense is that of the
\ncreation of flow among dense population, an expanded form of phyla that at once
\nmultiplies the domains in which it is traced by it also produced in the
\nattempted or actualized imposition of hylomorphic patterning<\/b>—law<\/b>,
\nthe state<\/b>, or the technologies of capture<\/b> employed by it" (20).\n<\/p>\n

"Speech<\/b> and its reception<\/b> becomes Law<\/b>, each syntagmatic
\naccretion another node solidifying along the alveoli of power" (26).<\/p>\n

"We need now to pay close attention to the particular material qualities<\/b>
\nof these technologies as a means to accessing such layers<\/b>. If we are to
\ntake the elements of these lists as being at one scale<\/b> a whole, an
\nobject–perceptual effects, which will be discussed throughout the following
\nchapters–we can also begin to take them apart. While such an element
\nmight provide, as for Whitman’s poet detained in love, a door to a new
\nuniverse of relationality <\/b>in which we can lose ourselves, each component
\nprovides a chance to get smaller<\/b>, to get molecular, to get material,
\nwhile at the same time getting more massive<\/b>. Details<\/b> count here"
\n(45). <\/p>\n

"The advantage of [Gibson’s] work is that it takes up the possibility of
\ndetailed exploration of the material qualities<\/b> of
\nthings-in-arrangement<\/b>, rather than of their essence<\/b>" (45). ^Strong
\ndiscussion of Gibson, affordances, and relationality here and on 46.<\/p>\n

"Taking up from where he suggests Foucault leaves off–according to
\nKittler<\/b>, Foucault’s work, being primarily concerned with textual material,
\nlargely cuts out at the point<\/b> where modern electronic media emerge<\/b>,
\nbetween 1860 and 1870–his procedure for organizing the recognition of
\ndiscursive practices makes a substantial and profoundly useful expansion of what
\nis understood to be constitutive of discourse" (61). <\/p>\n

"Each of these first lists also provides a route into a specific approach to
\nthe combination of media systems: memetics<\/i><\/b>, a set of theories in
\nwhich cultural elements and processes are proposed as being recognizably
\n‘evolutionary’; seamlessness<\/i><\/b>, the condition of an uncomplicated
\nconfluence of media systems; and surveillance<\/i><\/b>, the medial drive to
\nspot, name, and control" (110).<\/p>\n

"At this point, it is useful to make clear the conjunction of the two terms
\nmeme<\/b> and fleck of identity<\/b>. Under the rubric of monitorability
\ndemanded by meme theory as an epistemology–that it requires an identifiable
\nisolate<\/b>, the meme–we can say that the processes of constituting control<\/b>
\nmake a similar demand. They require identifiers<\/b>, tags<\/b>. Within the
\nsociety of control, the meme is transduced<\/b> as a fleck of identity<\/b>"
\n(149). <\/p>\n

"All standard objects<\/b> contain with them drives<\/b>, propensities<\/b>,
\nand affordances<\/b> that are ‘repressed<\/b>‘ by their standard uses, by
\nthe grammar of operations within which they are fit. (This ‘repression’ should
\nnot necessarily be construed negatively. It is likely itself to arise as the
\nresult of a previous or immanent recombination, disassembly, or adaptation)"
\n(168).<\/p>\n

"Discourse<\/b> and language<\/b> arise as both tabulatory<\/b>,
\nisolatable object<\/b>, the maker of lists<\/b>, and as visceral
\nreality-forming means<\/b> of escape from the grid<\/b>" (170).<\/p>\n

"To the side of every line of text is a nonrecorded chaos of life<\/b>, of
\ndeleted words, gibberish, a health improper to record among the thin lines of
\ncarefully non-nonsensical findings and leavings" (171).<\/p>\n

"The machinic phylum<\/b> is also produced in the dynamic and nonlinear
\ncombination of drives<\/b> and capacities<\/b> that, stimulating each other
\nto new realms of potential, produce something that is in virulent excess of the
\nsum of its parts. Indeed such parts can no longer be disassembled; they produce
\nan ecology<\/b>. Not a whole, but a live torrent in time<\/b> of
\nvariegated<\/b> and combinatorial<\/b> energy<\/b> and matter<\/b>" (171).\n<\/p>\n

"A media ecology<\/b> is a cascade of parasites<\/b>" (174).<\/p>\n

"The book has adopted a method<\/b> that works on the basis of a
\nrelatively detailed grounding<\/b> in specific media elements<\/b> in order to
\ndraw out what is, one hopes, a more accurate and hence useful account" (175).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u23f3 Approximate reading time: <\/span> 5<\/span> mins<\/span><\/span>Fuller, Matthew. Media Ecologies. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[176],"tags":[1038,294,1477,1522,1365,1075,1518,1523,232,1524,398,1525,1449,1526,1527,1317,1528,410,285,1519,734,841,1520,1529,1530,1531,1503,1056,478,315,144,1521,1532,1045,1533,1534,1535,1536,1490,359,187,1476,947,1537],"class_list":["post-7068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-visuality_and_n","tag-affordance","tag-art","tag-bateson","tag-camera","tag-coevolution","tag-content","tag-deleuze","tag-dimensionality","tag-discourse","tag-dub","tag-ecology","tag-electricity","tag-energy","tag-extensions","tag-fabrication","tag-feedback","tag-flecks","tag-form","tag-foucault","tag-guattari","tag-hayles","tag-information","tag-kittler","tag-layering","tag-legislation","tag-lists","tag-material","tag-materiality","tag-media","tag-meme","tag-methods","tag-nietzsche","tag-patchwork","tag-perception","tag-perspectivism","tag-phylum","tag-radio","tag-redundancy","tag-reflexivity","tag-scale","tag-technology","tag-translation","tag-voice","tag-webcams"],"yoast_head":"\nFuller, Media Ecologies - Earth Wide Moth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.earthwidemoth.com\/blog\/2006\/11\/04\/fuller-media-ec\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fuller, Media Ecologies - Earth Wide Moth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u23f3 Approximate reading time: 5 minsFuller, Matthew. 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